एक जमाना मे लकड्बग्घा
और खरहा अच्छे सङ्गी रहै, फिर दोनोके बिच कुछ अइसो भौअ बे दुशमन बन गए । आओ जानत है जा कहाँनी मे का भौअ
रहै उनके दोस्ती मे।
https://storyweaver.org.in/stories/110643-sanggi-bane-dushmanThursday, 2 January 2020
बघनिया और मेह
जा चौमासे मेह ना बरशो है , जङ्गल से बघनिया लिकरी तौ गाउ बारे कहाँन डट गए कि मेह बघनिया लईगैइ , उशा और बाकी गुन्ज अन्जली जङ्गलमे गैइ है । आओ देखत है
जङ्गल मे बिनय का मिलत है ।
https://storyweaver.org.in/stories/110436-baghaniyaa-aur-mehaMonday, 9 July 2018
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH) intervention in Response, Reconstruction and Recovery
In responding to disaster affected people
accountability to affected people demands respect of core humanitarian
standards. WASH standards clearly outline the guidance for assessing the needs
of disaster affected people. “WASH needs of the affected population are met and
users are involved in the design, management and maintenance of the facilities
where appropriate.” Core Standard 3 on WASH elucidates; “The
priority needs of the disaster-affected population are identified through a
systematic assessment of the context, risks to life with dignity and the
capacity of the affected people and relevant authorities to respond.”
For full story follow the link below,
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/wash-intervention-response-reconstruction-recovery-bikram-rana/
For full story follow the link below,
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/wash-intervention-response-reconstruction-recovery-bikram-rana/
Tuesday, 22 May 2018
Reaching the Vulnerable in Post Disaster Reconstruction
From our Project Rehabilitation of facilities
to earthquake affected people (REAP), we realized vulnerable population the
elderly people, single men-women, orphans with less economic capacities, are
more prone to observe the housing grants. They are unable to build their house
on their own, unable to extend physical and financial contribution in the
reconstruction of their own house. This brings another dilemma the construction
groups (mercenary construction groups) do not trust such vulnerable groups, as
a result they remain to start reconstructing their house and unable to access
the government housing grants without any progress of the house reconstruction.
The level of scientific and engineering
research does indicate that resilience is not only due to materials one chose,
it’s the technology and engineering codes to be followed. Many engineers
focusing on earthquake safety strive to use local materials, however the Nepali
case appeared bit different, the engineers learn modern construction materials
and try to apply without much innovation on use of local materials, it was
evident from the catalogue of house designs distributed by DUDBC after the 2015
earthquake. The social stigma (elite and rich opting for modern
construction materials) and officials recommending for modern construction
materials through different catalogues brings another negative fold in rural
Nepali housing. The use of traditional materials (wood and stone) and
traditional architecture that were the part of rural houses are being replaced
by concrete, turning the serenity to concrete jungles which was not the case
prior to 2015 earthquake. Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal for 2014/2015
indicates 40.6% of houses in the country constructed were out of stone and
wood.
Wednesday, 9 May 2018
Water Use Master Plan + Recharge, Retention and Reuse - ( WUMP+3R) Facilitator's Manual
Introduction
In many areas of the
world, people experience periods of water scarcity even though there is enough
rainfall and run-off on an annual basis. At moments when water is plentiful,
often a large portion of it disappears unused through floods, surface run-off, and
evaporation. Nepal, despite being one of the most water-abundant countries in
the world with over 6,000 rivers, is experiencing severe water challenges
hampering both economic development and poverty alleviation. Nearly 85 per cent
of the country’s annual rainfall occurs during the monsoon months, from June to
September. This means there is an overabundance of water during these months
and a shortage outside of this period. Better water buffer management is needed
to avoid localized scarcity and prepare for future climate change shocks and
increased climate variability. HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation, MetaMeta and
Aidenvironment have developed a WUMP + 3R approach. WUMP + 3R builds on the
Water Use Master Plan (WUMP) approach, developed and implemented by the Water
Resource Management Programme of HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation, and on the
concept of 3R (retention, recharge, and reuse), as developed by the 3R
consortium (including Aidenvironment and MetaMeta). The objective of the WUMP +
3R approach is to mainstream the issues of recharge, retention, and reuse in
operational and inclusive water use planning in Nepal for climate change
adaptation and enhanced water resource management. The approach is developed
for implementation at the village development committee (VDC) level, which is
the lowest administrative unit of the Government of Nepal. An average VDC has
about 5,000 inhabitants in an area of about 35 km2 . However, both area and
population vary greatly across ecological regions and districts. The WUMP + 3R
approach emphasizes low-cost and small-scale water conservation and inclusive
management solutions that can be implemented at the local level. It envisions
giving women and men from all walks of life and disadvantaged communities the
means and confidence to protect their livelihoods in response to climatic
changes, and to improve local water management to ensure reliable and sustained
access to water, economic development, and environmental integrity. This
document is prepared as a Training Manual for WUMP + 3R facilitators who
facilitate the inclusive WUMP + 3R process in the field. The focus of the
manual is on developing the knowledge and skills necessary for a facilitator.
This manual also provides links to the knowledge, skills, and resources
necessary for trainers who train the facilitators.
Follow the link for the manual;
Practicing IWRM at Local Level - implementation of Water Use Master Plan
Introduction
Since the coining of Integrated Water Resources Management (
IWRM), almost all definitions of IWRM stress three “E” s (Efciency, Equity and
Ecological integrity) principles aiming to improve efficiency in water use
(economic efficiency), promote equity in access to water (creating just situation
, social or developmental rationale) and to achieve ecology integrity
(sustainability and the environmental rationale).
There is emerging consensus that Integrated Water resources
management requires an integrated and participatory approach. In terms of water
allocation, basic human needs should receive priority; other uses should be
prioritized according to societal needs and socioeconomic criteria.
However, there has been lots of debates about its true application
at the local level. The three E’s principle has been contested at different
scales.
Follow the article from link;
KEEP it Local- Dilemma in Reconstruction of Shelter-Post disaster
It's not the violent shaking of the ground itself that
claims the most victims, but the collapse of poorly constructed buildings. The
earthquake sequence destroyed 490,000 houses, mostly traditional mud-brick and
mud-stone houses built and occupied by the rural poor.
" The largest single need identified in the PDNA was for
“housing and human settlements”: 755,000 houses were destroyed or
damaged. "
Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal for 2014/2015 indicates
40.6% of houses in the country constructed are out of stone and wood. Many
engineers focusing on earthquake safety strive to use local materials, however
the Nepali case appeared bit different, the engineers learn modern construction
materials and try to apply without much innovation on use of local materials,
it was evident from the catalog of house designs distributed by DUDBC
after the 2015 earthquake.
However, we have used the local materials (stone and wood) in
the permanent house reconstruction improving the flaws identified.
Foundation: The foundations of the stone houses were
shallow less than 3 feet depth. The project proposed and adapted foundation at
least of 3 feet depth with bonding to superstructure.
Corner walls: The stones used in corner walls were of
not of regular shape, this was one the reasons of corner walls toppling leading
the toppling of walls and the house. The project focused on strengthening
corner walls by using good stones and tying with wooden vertical posts bonded
with wooden horizontal bands.
Through stone: Through stone placed at the regular
intervals in the walls act as a binder to wall, this was missing in the old
stone houses. Project introduced use of through stones at regular intervals in
the walls of the houses reconstructed.
Lack of bonding: The stone house walls were not bonded with
combination of horizontal and vertical bands. The project introduced wooden
horizontal and vertical bands. Plus, the window and door opening spacing was
adjusted in compliance to the national building codes.
Gabble walls: Gable walls were of stone and not bonded
with the walls and roofs, most of the houses toppled from gable walls. The
project replaced stone gable walls with light material, corrugated galvanized
iron sheet and for some houses wood tied to walls and roofs.
Wood Treatment: In the rural context wood
are painted and some times coated with lube oil ( mobil) to protect them from
termites. Smoky kitchens used to be another protection of wood inside the
house and natural seasoning (use of stack wood) were the practices. Proper
treatment of wood was lacking.
Wood is a natural organic material and as such, can be
degraded by biological organisms: bacteria, fungi (rot) and insects (woodworms
and termites). Wood is also vulnerable to direct sun light and moisture, which
affect its durability and increase the rotting process. Disodium Octaborate
Tetrahydrate (Na2B8O13·4H2O) DOT . Boron-based compounds for wood treatment
were developed in New Zealand and Australia in the 1930s and became
commercialized in 1949. Over nearly 70 years borate mineral has been used
worldwide proving its efficiency as wood treatment.
DOT is a water-soluble solution that can easily penetrate dry
and wet wood. It takes advantage of the moisture content in the wood to
penetrate deeper. For fresh cut timber, where the moisture content can be 35%
or higher by weight, the DOT solution penetrates timber logs more completely
and faster. DOT is known to be an effective, eco-friendly and low-cost remedy
for killing rot organisms and wood-destroying insects in infested wood and
preventing its recurrence.
The project introduced the DOT for the wood treatment in its
housing component. Boric Acid and Borax was prepared at sites of each house
reconstruction following the standard mixes. The woods to be treated are dipped
in the solution for diffusion effect. People used the local wood species
of Chilaune, Salla, Uttis, Lapsi and Sal. One of the advantage of DoT wood
treatment is that even fresh cut woods can be treated with moisture content of
30 to 40 percent and dried wood could be dipped in water for about and
hour before immersing into Borax and Boric solution.
Use of local materials in reconstruction has created
awareness among local people that the salvaged material can be used for
reconstruction, this also reduces financial burden of house owners. (560
Individual Houses are built)
However, 2335 Households surveyed to identify the type of
technical assistance need- in housing revealed the housing interest were of
concrete not of stone and wood.
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